neuropsychological tests

Reading disorders in primary progressive aphasia: a behavioral and neuroimaging study

Previous neuropsychological studies on acquired dyslexia revealed a double dissociation in reading impairments. Patients with phonological dyslexia have selective difficulty in reading pseudo-words, while those with surface dyslexia misread exception …

The neural correlates of verbal and nonverbal semantic processing deficits in neurodegenerative disease

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the neural correlates of verbal and nonverbal semantic processing in neurodegenerative disease. BACKGROUND: Semantic memory is often impaired in neurodegenerative disease. Neuropsychologic and functional neuroimaging studies …

Rule violation errors are associated with right lateral prefrontal cortex atrophy in neurodegenerative disease

Good cognitive performance requires adherence to rules specific to the task at hand. Patients with neurological disease often make rule violation (RV) errors, but the anatomical basis for RV during cognitive testing remains debated. The present study …

Single- and multiple-domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment: two sides of the same coin?

BACKGROUND: Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is considered a transition stage between normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Two main clinical subtypes of aMCI have been identified: (1) single-domain aMCI (aMCI-SD), with isolated …

The neural basis of surface dyslexia in semantic dementia

Semantic dementia (SD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by atrophy of anterior temporal regions and progressive loss of semantic memory. SD patients often present with surface dyslexia, a relatively selective impairment in reading …

The logopenic/phonological variant of primary progressive aphasia

OBJECTIVE: Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is characterized by isolated decline in language functions. Semantic dementia and progressive nonfluent aphasia are accepted PPA variants. A "logopenic" variant (LPA) has also been proposed, but its …

Performance in specific language tasks correlates with regional volume changes in progressive aphasia

BACKGROUND: Patterns of language impairment have long been used clinically to localize brain damage in stroke patients. The same approach might be useful in the differential diagnosis of progressive aphasia owing to neurodegenerative disease. …

Evidence of white matter changes on diffusion tensor imaging in frontotemporal dementia

BACKGROUND: Two major clinical variants of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have been described: frontal variant (fvFTD) and temporal variant (tvFTD). OBJECTIVE: To analyze white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) tissue organization in patients with …

Neuropsychological deficits and neural dysfunction in familial dyslexia

We report the neuropsychological profile and the pattern of brain activity during reading tasks in a sample of familial dyslexics. We studied our subjects with an in-depth neuropsychological assessment and with functional neuroimaging (fMRI) during …

The anatomy of category-specific object naming in neurodegenerative diseases

Neuropsychological studies suggest that knowledge about living and nonliving objects is processed in separate brain regions. However, lesion and functional neuroimaging studies have implicated different areas. To address this issue, we used …